Endometrial Biopsy

An endometrial biopsy is a medical procedure used to collect a small sample of tissue from the lining of the uterus (the endometrium). This sample is then examined under a microscope to evaluate abnormal cells or diagnose underlying conditions.

Why it’s done

Healthcare providers may recommend an endometrial biopsy to investigate:

• Abnormal uterine bleeding (heavy, irregular, or postmenopausal bleeding)

• Suspected Endometrial cancer or precancerous changes

• Hormonal imbalances

• Causes of infertility or irregular menstrual cycles
  
  

How the procedure works

• Performed in a medical office—no surgery or general anesthesia required

• A speculum is inserted (similar to a Pap smear)

• A thin, flexible tube is passed through the cervix into the uterus

• Gentle suction is used to collect a small tissue sample

The procedure usually takes less than 10 minutes.

What it feels like

Many people experience brief cramping, similar to strong menstrual cramps, during and shortly after the biopsy. Taking over-the-counter pain relievers beforehand may help reduce discomfort.
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After the procedure

• Light spotting or mild cramping for a day or two is common

• Most people can return to normal activities the same day

• Results are typically available within about 1–2 weeks