Colposcopy

A colposcopy is a diagnostic procedure used to closely examine the cervix, vagina, and vulva for abnormalities, often after an abnormal Pap smear or HPV test. It helps detect precancerous or cancerous changes and guide further treatment if needed.

How it works

• A colposcope (a special magnifying microscope with a light) is used to view the tissues in detail.

• The healthcare provider may apply vinegar (acetic acid) or iodine solution to highlight abnormal areas.

• If suspicious areas are found, a biopsy (small tissue sample) may be taken during the procedure.

What it feels like

• The procedure is done in an office setting and usually takes 10–20 minutes.

• You lie in a position similar to a Pap smear.

• Most people feel mild discomfort or pressure, and cramping may occur, especially if a biopsy is performed.
  
  

After the procedure

• Minor spotting or discharge is normal for a few days.

• Avoid inserting anything into the vagina (tampons, intercourse) until any bleeding stops or as instructed by your provider.

• Most people can return to regular activities immediately.
  
  

Why it’s done

Colposcopy is recommended for:

• Abnormal Pap smear or positive HPV test

• Unexplained vaginal bleeding

• Evaluation of visible lesions or growths on the cervix